Iklim Sekolah Dan Tingkah Laku Warga Organisasi: Tinjauan Di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Dan Sekolah Kebangsaan
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(1) * Siti Nur Azimah Saidin
School of Education and Modern Languages, College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia
Malaysia
(2) Mua’azam Mohamad School of Education and Modern Languages, College of Arts and Sciences, Universiti Utara Malaysia
Malaysia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) 2013-2025 menggariskan peranan penting warga institusi pendidikan dalam pembangunan organisasi yang positif. Namun masih terdapat warga sekolah yang hanya melaksanakan tugasan rasmi tanpa mempunyai kerelaan bekerja dalam organisasi. Justeru kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh iklim sekolah ke atas tingkah laku warga organisasi sekolah menengah dan sekolah kebangsaan. Kajian deskriptif ini berbentuk tinjauan menggunakan pendekatan keratan rentas dalam pengumpulan data kajian. Instrumen yang di gunakan mengandungi dua bahagian iaitu School Level Evironment Questionaire (SLEQ) dan Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). Sejumlah 153 orang responden yang terdiri daripada guru sekolah menengah dan sekolah kebangsaan di Negeri Perlis yang terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data kuantitatif kajian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for Windows versi 22. Hasil kajian telah menunjukkan dimensi iklim bagi kebebasan pekerja telah mempengaruhi tingkah laku warga organisasi. Secara keseluruhannya tahap iklim sekolah yang tinggi dapat mempengaruhi tingkah laku warga organisasi ke arah meningkatkan organisasi yang cemerlang.
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[41] Yilmaz, D. (2012). The role of happiness in the relationship between cultural fit and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis.
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[43] Zuraidah Juliana Mohd Yusof. (2016). Kepimpinan Distributif Pemimpin Sekolah, Pengurusan Konflik, dan Persekitaran Sekolah Berkesan dan Sekolah Kurang Berkesan. Phd,10-20.
[2] Aminudin Mansor. (2008, 12 Febuari). Majalah Pendidik. Bil 45.
[3] Arumugam Raman., Chang Chi Ling & Rozalina Khalid. (2015). Relationship Between School Climate and Teachers’ Commitment in an Excellent School of Kubang Pasu District, Kedah, Malaysia.6 (3), 163-173.
[4] Asghar, Z.P., Fariba, K. (2017). The relationship between organizational climate and organizational citizenship behaviors of the staff members in the Department of Education in Isfahan city. International Journal of Educational and Psychological Researches, 3, 53-60.
[5] Cohen, J., (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd Ed.). Hillsdale, NJ. Erlbaum.
[6] Davies, J.A. (1971). Elementary Survey Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
[7] Deluga, R. J. (1998). Leader-Member exchange quality and effectiveness ratings: The role of subordinate-supervisor conscientiousness similarity. Group and Organizational Management, 23, 189-216.
[8] Dewey, G.C. (2016). Authoritative School Climate, Number of Parents at Home and Academic Achievement. Journal Psychology Quarterly. 3(6), 1-5.
[9] Fisher, D.L. & Fraser, B. J. (1990).School Climate : Assessing and improving school environment (Set: Research Information for Teachers No.2, Item 4) Melbourne Australia. Australian Council For Educational Research.
[10] Harpin, A.W.& Croft, D.B.(1963). The Organizational Climate of School. Chicago, Midwest Administration Centre University of Chicago.
[10] Hassan, A.V., Ezzatollah, G., & Mohamad, R.M. (2017). Interactions among School Climate, Collective Self-Efficacy, and Personal Self-Efficiency: Evidence from Education Institution. 11(1), 481-488.
[11] Hassanreza, Z., (2010). Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of teachers. Journal Social and Behavioral Sciences, 16(10), 998-1001.
[12] Howard, E.R. (1974). School climate improvement. Education Digest 39 (8): 333-336
[13] Hoy, W.K. & Miskel, C.G. 1987. Educational Administration: Theory, Research and Practice (3rd Edition). Random House, New York.
[14] Johnson, B., Joseph, J.S. (2001). Exploratory And Confirmatory Factor Analysis of The School Level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ). Journal of Learning Environment, 4(32), 325- 344.
[15] Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2013). Laporan Tahunan Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia. Putrajaya: Kuala Lumpur.
[16] Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. (2010). Standard Kualiti Pendidikan Malaysia. Putrajaya: Kuala Lumpur.
[17] Unit Perancangan Ekonomi Pusat Persekutuan. (2016). Rancangan Malaysia Ke-11. Putrajaya: Kuala Lumpur.
[18] Khaliza Saidin., Suhaili Mohd Yusof. (2016). Tahap Iklim Sekolah, Tahap Komitmen Guru Serta Hubungan di antara Iklim Sekolah Dengan Komitmen Guru Sekolah-Sekolah Menengah Daerah Machang, Kelantan. Jurnal Pendidikan, 1(16), 635-646.
[19] Letao, S., Kenneth, R. (2017). School Climate in American Secondary Schools: A Psychometric Examination of PISA 2009 School Climate Scale. Journal of Curiculum and Teaching, 6(2), 6-12.
[20] Litwin, G.H & Stringer, R.A. (1968). Motivation and Organizational Climate. Cambridge,Boston, MA: Harvard University Press.
[21] Maisura Mohd Yunus. (2007). Iklim Organisasi dan Hubungannya dengan Gelagat Kewarganegaraan Organisasi di Kalangan Guru-Guru Sekolah Menengah Daerah Pontian Johor. Skudai, Johor: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
[22] May-Chioun Lo., Ramayah. (2009). Dimensionality of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in a Multicultural Society: The Case of Malaysia. Journal of International Research, 2(1), 48-55.
[23] Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace: Toward a general model. Human Resource Management Review, 11, 299–326.
[24] Mohd. Najib Abdul Razak. (2013). Nota perdana menteri. Laporan Tahunan Program Transformasi Kerajaan. Pemandu, Jabatan Perdana Menteri Malaysia.
[25] Mugenda, O. M. & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: African Centre for Technology Studies.
[26] Muhyiddin Mohd Yassin. (2013). Nota daripada timbalan perdana menteri. Laporan Tahunan Program Transformasi Kerajaan. Pemandu, Jabatan Perdana Menteri Malaysia.
[27] Mustafa, M., & Othman, N. (2010). The Effect of Work Motivation on Teacher’s Work Performance in Pekanbaru Senior High Schools, Riau Province, Indonesia. SOSIOHUMANIKA, 3(2), 259-272.
[28] Nunally, J. L. (1978). Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill.
[29] Organ, D. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
[30] Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organization citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26, 513-563.
[31] Runhaar, P., Konermann, J., & Sanders, K. (2013). Teachers' organisational citizenship behaviour: considering the roles of their work engagement, autonomy and leader-member exchange. Teaching and Teacher Education, 30, 99-108.
[32] Saifulkhair, M. O., Mohd Faizul, M.N., Isha, M.A. (2016). Hubungan Di antara Iklim Sekolah Dan Kepuasan Kerja Guru Sekolah Menengah di Daerah Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. Jurnal Pendidikan, 1(89), 31-38.
[33] Sekaran, U. (2005). Research method for business: A skill building approach. Singapore: John Wiley & Son (Asia) Pte. Ltd.
[34] Smith, C., Organ, D., & Near, J. (1983). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 653-663.
[35] Suleyman, G. (2014). Participation of teachers in school administration and their organizational citizenship. Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4, 171-182.
[36] Susan, C. (2017). Organizational Climate in Secondary Schools of Kerala. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1(4), 62-76.
[37] Van Ryzin, M.J. (2011). Protective factors at school: Reciprocal effects among adolescents’ perceptions of the school environment, engagement in learning and hope. Journal Youth Adolescence, 40, 1568–1580.
[38] Walz, S. & Niehoff, B. P. (1996). Organizational citizenship behaviors and their effect on organizational effectiveness in limited-menu restaurants, paper presented at Academy of Management Meetings, Cincinnati, OH.
[39] Muhamad Ariff Ibrahim, Wan Shahrazad Wan Sulaiman, Sarah Waheeda Muhammad Hafidz, Siti Fardaniah Abd Aziz. (2013). Peranan Tingkah Laku Kewargaan Organisasi Sebagai Mediator Dalam Hubungan Antara Komitmen Organisasi Dan Prestasi Tugas. Jurnal Psikologi dan Pembangunan Manusia, 1, 29-35.
[40] Wayne, K.H dan Miskel, C.G (2000). Educational Administration Theory, Research And Practice. New York: Mc Graw Hill.
[41] Yilmaz, D. (2012). The role of happiness in the relationship between cultural fit and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis.
[42] Yilmaz, K., & Tasdan, M. (2009). Organizational citizenship and organizational justice in Turkish primary schools. Journal of Educational Administration, 47(1), 108-126.
[43] Zuraidah Juliana Mohd Yusof. (2016). Kepimpinan Distributif Pemimpin Sekolah, Pengurusan Konflik, dan Persekitaran Sekolah Berkesan dan Sekolah Kurang Berkesan. Phd,10-20.
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Published
2019-11-21
How to Cite
Saidin , S. N. A., & Mohamad, M. (2019). Iklim Sekolah Dan Tingkah Laku Warga Organisasi: Tinjauan Di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Dan Sekolah Kebangsaan. Proceedings of The ICECRS, 3. https://doi.org/10.21070/icecrs.v3i0.140
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Copyright (c) 2019 Siti Nur Azimah Saidin , Mua’azam Mohamad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
